Sound
- Diegetic - Heard by the characters
- Non-diegetic - Background Music, narration, not heard by the characters
- Synchronous - On screen , hear by the characters
- A-synchronous - Off screen but heard by the characters
- Foli sound - realistic everyday sounds, (squeaky door, gravel etc)
Camera Work
- Shot types -
- Establishing Shot
- this is the opening shot of a programme or sequence. Might be an extreme long shot or long shot, establishes location
- Master shot
- A shot that includes all the action in a particular sequence establishes spacial relationships of the character involved.
- Close upshot
- A shot that includes the whole head of a character. Used to direct the viewers attention to a significant facial expression or to an object that might have significance within the narrative.
- Mid-shot
- Long shot, wide shot, two-shot, aerial shot, point of view shot, over the shoulder shot and variations of these.
- Ariel shot
- A camera shot taken from an overhead position. Often used as an establishing shot.
- Extreme close up
- A shot where a part of a face or body of a character fills the whole frame/dominates the frame. Also can be shot of an object where only a small part of it dominates the frame.
- Medium Shot
- Two shot
- Point Of View shot
- Over the shoulder shot
- Overhead shot
- Reaction shot
- Camera Angles
- High angle
- Low angle
- Canted angle
- Camera Movement
- Panorama
- Tilt
- Track
- Dolly
- Crane
- Steadicam
- Zoom
- Handheld
- Reverse Zoom
- Composition
- Framing
- Rule of thirds
- Depth of field
- Deep and Shallow focus
- Focus Pulls
Editing
Mise-en-scene
- Setting/ location
- Where the narrative unfolds - where action takes place
- Interior design
- The mood/atmosphere
- The characters background, surrounding, status and circumstances.
- body language/ facial expression/screen time
- Props
- Complete a characters dress by adding more particular detail and refining our picture of the character - High spec laptop, a porsche, fur coats, Branded hooded top, weapon.
- Costume and make up
- The period of time the social group belongs to.
- membership of a specific group.
- social class and status - one of the main sources of information regarding the characters in their dress - whether it is a tidy v-neck sweater, a tailored woman's business suit, or an unkempt jacket.
- Cultural background
- Character traits, personality, values, assumed behaviour and attitude.
- Changes in costume indicate changes in character e.g rich to poor, taking off clothes as lowering defences.
- Clothing might also be a trademark.
- Lighting
- three point lighting standard scheme for classical narrative cinema. In order to model an actors face or an object with a sense of depth, light from three directions is used.
- Quality of light is perceived hardness and softness. A hard quality has dark shadows with sharp edges, while a soft quality has lighter, diffused shadows.
- High-key lighting - A lighting scheme in which the fill light is raised to almost the same level as the key light.
- Speech
- Regional dialect
- elaborated or restricted language
- specialised use of vocabulary
- accent
- Standard or colloquial
